Dogs dream like people, and the way they dream can tell you a lot about what's going on in their life.
The first thing to know about dog dreams is that there are two kinds: REM (rapid eye movement) and non-REM. Both of these types of sleep have been observed in dogs by researchers. But unlike humans, who are largely unable to remember their dreams when they wake up, dogs actually do remember the content of their dreams, and can even wake up from them if there is something troubling or exciting about them.
For example, a study done at the University of Zurich found that dogs with nightmares will wake up from them whimpering and acting frightened or anxious—even if they were asleep when they had them! This suggests that dogs' dreams are very similar to ours in terms of being able to remember what happened to them later on.
So how can you tell if your dog has just woken up from a nightmare? What should you do if you think this might be happening? The best thing to do is pay attention to your dog's behavior after waking up from sleep—if they seem scared or upset by something they saw while sleeping, then it's likely that they had a nightmare.